Analysis
European Space Bond: an 8% return on space, but who pays the bill on Earth?
European Space Bond offers an 8% coupon. How might interest and principal be repaid in 2031, and what credit, liquidity and refinancing risks matter?
Minibonds and SME bonds
Issuance, credit quality, covenants and SME access to capital markets. This Journal landing brings together original contributions, organised by topic and linked to the main editorial dossier.
Analysis
Minibonds and the Space Economy: debt enters orbit
How minibonds and basket bonds can finance capex, industrial growth and scale across Italy’s space and aerospace SME supply chain.